Christian Today

SAINTS DECEMBER 01 St. Edmund Campion. Edmund was born in London, the son of a bookseller. He was raised a Catholic, given a scholarship to St. John's College, Oxford, when fifteen, and became a fellow when only seventeen. His brilliance attracted the attention of such leading personages as the Earl of Leicester, Robert Cecil, and even Queen Elizabeth. He took the Oath of Supremacy acknowledging Elizabeth head of the church in England and became an Anglican deacon in 1564. Doubts about Protestantism increasingly beset him, and in 1569 he went to Ireland where further study convinced him he had been in error, and  he returned to Catholicism. Forced to flee the persecution unleashed on Catholics by the excommunication of Elizabeth by Pope Pius V, he went to Douai, France, where he studied theology, joined the Jesuits, and then went to Brno, Bohemia, the following year for his novitiate. He taught at the college of Prague and in 1578 was ordained there. He and Father Robert Persons we...

Joy explained by the Pope as a fruit of the Holy Spirit - ZENIT - English : Pope's General Audience, November 27, 2024 on Joy as Fruit of the Holy Spirit

Pope to Orthodox leader: Let's celebrate Nicaea anniversary together amid global challenges : The letter was delivered by Cardinal Kurt Koch during his visit to Istanbul for the patronal feast of the Orthodox Church.

  St Andrew https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/340

  Gospel in Art: Feast of Saint Andrew, Apostle https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51205

  St. Andrew - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/30/st--andrew--apostle.html

SAINTS NOVEMBER 30 St. Andrew Roman Catholic- Patron of fishermen-The first one to be called by Jesus. He immediately left his nets and followed Him. Nov. 30 Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/30/st--andrew--apostle.html  St. Joseph Marchand, Roman Catholic Priest and Martyr of Vietnam. He was arrested in Saigon and condemned by authorities; he was martyred with red-hot tongs. Nov. 30 St. Tudwal, 564 A.D. Welsh monk and bishop, called Pabu (Father) among the Bretons and sometimes listed as Tugdual. Originally a monk in Wales, he journeyed to Brittany, France, with his mother, sisters, and other relatives. The Celtic language of Brittany was easily understood by Welsh speakers. Tudwal’s cousin, Deroc, was a king of Dumnonia and he worked to promote the faith in his cousin’s domain, founding Lan Paku at Leon, Spain. He eventually became bishop of Treher (Treguier) with King Childebert I (r. 511 -558) as his patron. He is remembered in Wales in several sites in the L...

  Gospel in Art: As soon as you see a tree bud, you know that summer is near https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51198

  Pope: Church needs theological reflection on synodality centered on Christ - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-11/pope-francis-plenary-pontifical-theological-commission.html

 SAINTS NOVEMBER 29 St. Paramon and Companions, Three hundred and seventy five Roman Catholic Martyrs, who are reported to have been put to death on the same day during the persecutions of the Church under Emperor Trajanus Decius. Feastday Nov 29 Sts. Saturninus & Sisinius Roman Catholic Martyrs of Rome. Saturninus was a priest from Carthage who went to Rome and was arrested with a deacon, Sisinius, during the persecutions of Emperor Maximian. They were sentenced to hard labor and either died during their ordeal or were tortured and then beheaded. It is known with certainty that Saturninus lived, was martyred, and was buried on the Via Saleria, Rome, Feastday Nov 29 St. Cuthbert Mayne, 1577 A.D. An English martyr, born near Barnstable, in Devonshire, as a Protestant. He converted to Catholicism at St. John’s, Oxford. Cuthbert was ordained at Douai, France, and sent home to England about 1575. Working in Cornwall, he was captured after a year. Condemned for celebrating a Mass, h...

  Religious life in our own words: A delicate balance https://www.globalsistersreport.org/node/180057

  Q reseeding religious life https://www.globalsistersreport.org/node/288041

  Nuclear war is now as close as it gets! https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51184

  Gospel in Art: There will be signs in the sun and moon and stars https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51189

SAINTS NOVEMBER 28 St. James Thompson, Blessed, 1582 A.D. English martyr. A native of York, he studied for the priesthood at Reims and was ordained there in 1581. Arrested soon after his return to England, he was hanged at York. He used the name Hudson in his mission work. James was beatified in 1895. St. Andrew Trong, Roman Catholic and Martyr of Vietnam.  He was arrested in 1834 and in the presence of his mother he was beheaded. She knelt beside him at the execution site in Hué, receiving his head on her lap. Nov. 28 St. Catherine Laboure, Roman Catholic Virgin Nun. Three times in 1830 the Virgin Mary appeared to St. Catherine Laboure, who then was a twenty-four year old novice. Feastday: November 28 St. Fionnchu, 6th century. Abbot of Bangor Abbey, in Ireland, the successor of St. Comgall. ST. JAMES OF THE MARCHES, FRANCISCAN St James, known from his birthplace as “of the Marches” became a Franciscan in 1415. Much of his career was spent as a papal envoy in eastern Europe. He wa...

  Gospel in Art: I myself shall give you eloquence and wisdom https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51182

SAINTS NOVEMBER 27 Bl. Thomas Kotenda and Companions, Roman Catholics and Martyrs of Japan. He lived at Nagasaki until his condemnation and beheading, He was martyred along with ten companions.Feastday Nov27 St. James Intercisus, Roman Catholic Martyr of Persia. He declared himself to be a Christian to the new king, Bahram. When James refused to apostasize, he was executed by having his body cut apart piece by piece, beginning with his fingers (hence his surname Intercisus - cut to pieces), and then beheaded. Feastday Nov 27 St. Gallgo, 6th century. Welsh abbot, the founder of Llanalgo Abbey in Anglesey, Wales. St. Fergus, 721 A.D. An Irish bishop called "the Pict." He evangelized Scotland, where he was called Fergustian or Fergus of Scotland. He preached in Perthshire, Caithness, Buchan, and Forfarshire. Fergus was part of the Roman Council in 721.    St. Secundinus. Secundinus is also known as Sechnall and Seachnall. He was sent from Gaul in 439 to assist St. Patrick in Ire...

  Gospel in Art: The destruction of the Temple foretold https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51174

 SAINTS NOVEMBER 26 St. Dominic Doan Xuyen, Roman Catholic Martyr of Vietnam, beheaded with St. Thomas Du. He was a Vietnamese Dominican. Feastday Nov.26 Saint John Berchmans (Dutch: Jan Berchmans) (13 March 1599 – 13 August 1621) was a Jesuit scholastic and is a saint in the Roman Catholic Church. He is the patron saint of altar servers. Feastday: November 26 St. Leonard of Port Maurice, Roman Catholic Franciscan Monk. Proponent of the Blessed Sacrament, the devotion of the Sacred Heart, and the Stations of the Cross, as well as the Immaculate Conception. Nov 26 Bl. Gaetana Sterni, Roman Catholic Nun and foundress of "Daughters of the Divine Will" ST. SYLVESTER, ABBOTT, FOUNDER OF SILVESTRINE-BENDECTINE ST. SIRICIUS, POPE- When Siricius became Pope in 384, he immediately established a good relationship with St Ambrose of Milan. He was moderate and balanced in his administration of the Church; and historically is one of the first Popes we see exercising the papal primacy.  No...

The “grandmother” who has spent a total of 11 years in jail for opposing abortion - ZENIT - English : Gibbons, who has spent over 11 years in prison for her peaceful protests against abortion, is currently incarcerated following her latest arrest in June 2024. Her crime? Standing silently outside Toronto’s Morgentaler Clinic, a site at the heart of Canada’s abortion debate.

  Gospel in Art: A poverty-stricken widow put in two small coins https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51166

SAINTS NOVEMBER 25 St. Catherine of Alexandria, Roman Catholic Virgin and Martyr whose feast day is November 25th. Fifty pagan philosophers are said to have debated with St Catherine, hoping to convince her to abjure her faith. Instead, Catherine converted them to Christianity. Furious, the Emperor ordered her to be put to death on a spiked wheel; but the wheel broke. Eventually, she was martyred by beheading.   She is the patroness of philosophers and preachers.  St. Peter of Alexandria, Roman Catholic Priest and Martyr. He is called the “seal and complement of martyrs” as he was the last Christian beheaded by Roman authorities. Feastday: November 25 ST. MOSES, MARTYR IN ROME Saint Moses of Rome. After the execution of Pope saint Fabian under Emperor Decius, he administered the Church with the help of the priests and bishops who were in Rome. Helped reconcile repentant apostates who were sick and about to die. Imprisoned for nearly a year for his faith. Martyr .Nov 25 St...

  Gospel in Art: Jesus answered: 'Yes I am king' https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51159

  Sts. Andrew Dũng Lạc, and his companions, Martyrs - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/24/sts--andrew-d_ng-lc--and-his-companions--martyrs.html

SAINTS NOVEMBER 24 Martyrs of Vietnam, Several Roman Catholic groups of martyrs also called the Martyrs of Annam who were slain for the faith in Vietnam from 1798 until 1861.NOV. 24 ST. CHRYSOGONUS, MARTYR OF AQUILEIA, This holy martyr, who was apprehended at Rome, but beheaded at Aquileia in the persecution of Dioclesian, occurs in the canon of the mass, and is mentioned in the ancient Calendar of Carthage of the fifth century, and in all Western Martyrologies since that time. Nov.24 STS. ANDREW DŨNG LẠC, AND HIS COMPANIONS, MARTYRS-Today the Church celebrates the memorial of St. Andrew Dung-Lac, priest and martyr, and companions, martyrs. St. Andrew was one of 117 people who were martyred in Vietnam between 1820 and 1862. Nov. 24 https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/24/sts--andrew-d_ng-lc--and-his-companions--martyrs.html  St. Flora & Mary, Roman Catholic women and Martyrs at Cordoba, Spain. They surrendered to Muslim authorities and were placed in a brothel. Still clingin...

  St Columban https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/334

  Gospel in Art: Some Sadducees, those who say that there is no resurrection https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51155

USA: bishop reestablishes the Old Church Order of Widows for his diocese - ZENIT - English : The six women currently discerning their vocation in the Order of Widows represent diverse backgrounds but share a common longing to serve God in the wake of profound personal loss

Hate crimes against Christians in Europe are on the rise: these are the facts - ZENIT - English : With 2,444 incidents recorded in 35 European nations in 2023, the findings reveal an alarming erosion of religious tolerance in a region celebrated as the cradle of pluralism and freedom.

  What are the charisms of the Holy Spirit? This is the Pope's answer - ZENIT - English https://zenit.org/2024/11/20/what-are-the-charisms-of-the-holy-spirit-this-is-the-popes-answer/?eti=19016

SAINTS NOVEMBER 23 Pope St. Clement I, Roman Catholic Priest and Martyr. As Clement succeeded in converting many pagans, he was sent to Aufidianus, the prefect, who ordered him to be drowned in the sea with an old anchor attached to his neck. His body was recovered by his disciple Phoebus. The relics of S. Clement were deposited in the church of San Clemente, where they are still reverently preserved. Feastday: November 23 BL. José Ramón Miguel Agustín Pro Juárez Roman Catholic Jesuit Priest and Martyr also known as Blessed Miguel Pro (born January 13, 1891 – executed November 23, 1927), was a Mexican Jesuit Catholic priest executed under the presidency of Plutarco Elías Calles on trumped up charges of bombing and attempted assassination against former Mexican President Álvaro Obregón. Feastday: November 23 ST. FELICITAS, MARTYR ON THE VIA SALARIA NUOVA Nov 23- Felicitas, a noble Roman lady. According to these Acts Felicitas and her seven sons were imprisoned because of their Christian...

  St Cecilia https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/333

  Gospel in Art: Memorial of Saint Cecilia, Virgin & Martyr https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51147

  St. Cecilia, Virgin and Martyr in the Cemitery of Callistus - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/22/st--cecilia--virgin-and-martyr-in-the-cemitery-of--callistus.html

SAINTS NOVEMBER 22 St. Devniolin, 621 A.D. Abbot and Martyr, also called Deiniol or Daniel the Younger. He ruled Bangor Monastery in Wales, when King Aethelfrith of Northumbria slaughtered the two thousand monk residents. Bl. Baldji Oghlou Ohannes, Roman Catholic Monk and Martyr. A group of eight Franciscan martyred in the region of Mujuk-Dersi, Armenia by invading Islamic Turks who tortured them, demanded they convert to Islam, and murdered them when they did not convert. Feastday Nov 22 St. Cecilia, Roman Catholic Martyr. History and legend intertwine around the figure of Saint Cecilia, virgin and martyr, who lived in Rome between the 2nd and 3rd centuries. She is celebrated around the world as a patron of music, musicians and singers. The Church remembers her on November 22.  St. Cecilia, Virgin and Martyr in the Cemitery of  Callistus - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/22/st--cecilia--virgin-and-martyr-in-the-cemite...

  Terminally Ill, He Wanted Aid-In-Dying. His Catholic Hospital Said No. https://kffhealthnews.org/MTAzMzk3OQ

  Sr. Mary Jean Ryan, FSM @TheCHAUSA https://www.chausa.org/about/awards/lifetime-achievement-award/sr-mary-jean-ryan-fsm

  Sisters Catholic Nuns and the Making of America Author: John J. Fialka Amazing read! https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780312325961

  On running a health care system for 25 years https://www.globalsistersreport.org/node/182277 via @sistersreport

  As nuns disappear, many Catholic hospitals look more like megacorporations https://www.ncronline.org/node/287516

  St Liberalis of Brive https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/332

  Gospel in Art: Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51139

  SAINTS NOVEMBER 21 St. Albert of Louvain, Roman Catholic Priest Martyr. He was chosen Bishop of Liège in 1191 by the people and the Church. Emperor Henry VI proposed his own choice, causing Albert to journey to Rome to appeal to Celestine III. The pope ordained him a deacon and sent him to the Archbishop of Rheims. The archbishop ordained Albert a priest and consecrated him as a bishop. Outside of Rheims, Albert was accosted by eight followers of Henry VI, who stabbed him to death. Feastday Nov 21 Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary Nov 21 St. Digain, 5th century. Prince of Cornwall, England, and confessor. He was the son of Constantine, chieftain of Cornwall. Llangerew, in Clwyd, Wales, honors Digain. B. MARY OF JESUS GOOD SHEPERD, FOUNDRESS OF THE SISTERS OF THE HOLY FAMILY OF NAZARETH,  Born into the Polish nobility in the late 19th century, Franciszka Siedliska overcame poor health and her father’s plans for her to marry, in order to become a nun. In religion, she to...

Pope Francis sparks debate with call to investigate Gaza genocide allegations - ZENIT - English : Francis reflects on contemporary global conflicts, including the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.

  St Edmund https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/331

  Gospel in Art: The parable of the talents https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51131

  SAINTS NOVEMBER 20 St. Edmund the Martyr, 869 A.D. Martyred king of the East Angles. He was elected king in 855 at the age of fourteen and began ruling Suffolk, England, the following year. In 869 or 870, the Danes invaded Edmund’s realm, and he was captured at Hone, in Suffolk. After extreme torture, Edmund was beheaded and died calling upon Jesus. His shrine brought about the town of Bury St. Edmund's. He is depicted as crowned and robed as a monarch, holding a scepter, orb, arrows, or a quiver.  St. Francis Xavier Can, Roman Catholic and Vietnamese Martyr.  A native, born in Sou-Ming, he worked as a catechist with the priests of the Foreign Missions of Paris. Arrested and refusing to deny the faith, Francis Xavier was strangled in prison. Nov 20 St. Maxentia of Beauvais. Irish or Scottish virgin and martyr. She fled to France to escape marriage to a pagan chieftain and lived as a hermitess on the banks of the Qise River near Senlis. The chieftain she had spurned hunt...

  Gospel in Art: Salvation comes to the house of Zacchaeus https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51123

SAINTS NOVEMBER 19 St. Nerses the Great,Roman Catholic Priest and Martyr. Bishop and martyred by the Armenian ruler, Pap, whose dissolute lifestyle caused Nerses to refuse him admission into church. Nerses was invited to a royal banquet at Khakh, on the Euphrates River, and was assassinated by poison. Feastday Nov 19 Bl. Salvatore Lilli, Roman Catholic Fransican Monk and Martyr. Missionary to Mujuk-Deresa, Armenia in 1894. In 1895 the area was occupied by Islamic Turks who captured Salvatore and fellow Franciscans Baldji Oghlou Ohannes, David Oghlou David, Dimbalac Oghlou Wartavar, Geremia Oghlou Boghos, Khodianin Oghlou Kadir, Kouradji Oghlou Tzeroum, and Toros Oghlou David. They were tortured and ordered to convert; they refused. One of the Martyrs of Armenia. Nov 19 ST. MATILDA (MECHTILDE), VIRGIN.A Saxon by birth, Mechtilde became a nun at the Benedictine Monastery of Rodersdorf. She later moved to the monastery at Helfta, where she was known for her humility and kindness. In addit...

Pope's meditation on anguish and hope: two realities that fight in our hearts - ZENIT - English : Pope's homily on the occasion of the Mass for the 8th World Day of the Poor

  Cardinal Parolin: ‘We can’t resign ourselves to the inevitability of war’ - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2024-11/parolin-we-can-t-resign-ourselves-to-the-inevitability-of-war.html

  Gospel in Art: Dedication of the Basilicas of Saints Peter and Paul https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51115

SAINTS NOVEMBER 18 St. Leonard Kimura, Roman Catholic Martyr of Japan.  A temporal coadjutor of the Jesuits. He was arrested for his faith and association with the Jesuits, he was burned alive at Nagasaki and was beatified in 1867.  Feastday Nov. 18 Bl. John Shoun, Roman Catholic Martyr of Japan. Died: 1619. He was a Japanese from Meako and was baptized at Nagasaki. Seized for being a Christian, he was burned alive at Nagasaki and was beatified in 1867. Feastday Nov 18 St. Rose Phillipine Duchesne, Virgin (Fea Born in Grenoble, France, in 1769, Rose joined the Society of the Sacred Heart. In 1818, when she was forty-nine years old, Rose was sent to the United States. She founded a boarding school for daughters of pioneers near St. Louis and opened the first free school west of the Missouri. At the age of seventy-one, she began a school for Indians, who soon came to call her "the woman who is always praying". Her biographers have also stressed her courage in frontier condition...

  Gospel in Art: The stars will come falling from heaven https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51106

  St. Gregory Thaumaturgus, Bishop of Neocesarea - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/17/st--gregory--thaumaturgus--bishop-of--neocesarea.html

SAINTS NOVEMBER 17 Martyrs of Paraguay, Roman Catholic Jesuit Priests and Martyrs. Three Spanish Jesuits - Roch Gonzalez, Aiphonsus Rodriguez, Juan de Castilo - who were slain in missions called “reductions,” including the main site on the Jiuhi River in Paraguay. They were at All Saints Mission there when they were murdered Feastday: November 17 Bl. Josaphat Kocylovskyj, Roman Catholic Priest and Martyr. He was sent to the Capaivca labor camps (Kiev region), where he underwent continuous pressure to move to the Russian Orthodox Church. He died in the same camp as a result of cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 71 years,  Feastday: Nov. 17 St. Hugh of Lincoln. Hugh of Lincoln was the son of William, Lord of Avalon. He was born at Avalon Castle in Burgundy and was raised and educated at a convent at Villard-Benoit after his mother died when he was eight. He was professed at fifteen, ordained a deacon at nineteen, and was made prior of a monastery at Saint-Maxim. While visiting the Gra...

Marian piety explained briefly, simply and beautifully by the Pope - ZENIT - English : Pope's General Audience, November 13, 2024 on Marian piety as one of the means by which the Holy Spirit accomplishes his work of sanctification

  Two forms of canonized holiness deepened by the Pope: martyrdom and the offering of one's life - ZENIT - English https://zenit.org/2024/11/14/two-forms-of-canonized-holiness-deepened-by-the-pope-martyrdom-and-the-offering-of-ones-life/?eti=18895

  God’s Wake-up Call https://crisismagazine.com/editors-desk/gods-wake-up-call?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=novashare

  St Margaret of Scotland and St Edmund of Abingdon https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/327

  Gospel in Art: The parable of the unjust judge https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51102

  SAINTS NOVEMBER 16 St. Alfrick, 1105 A.D. Archbishop of Canterbury who faced the Norse invasion of England. Alfrick was a monk in the Benedictine Abbey of Abingdon, England, noted for his holiness. He was appointed the bishop of Wilton, England, in 990 A.D., worked in the area, and was known for his charity. In 995 A.D. he became the archbishop of Canterbury and faced the devastating results of one of the invasions of England. St. Margaret of Scotland, 1093 A.D.  Margaret was an English princess. She and her mother sailed to Scotland to escape from the king who had conquered their land. King Malcolm of Scotland welcomed them and fell in love with the beautiful princess. Margaret and Malcolm were married before too long.   As Queen, Margaret changed her husband and the country for the better. Malcolm was good, but he and his court were very rough. When he saw how wise his beloved wife was, he listened to her good advice. She softened his temper and led him to practi...

  St Fintan https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/326

  Gospel in Art: Noah went into the ark, the flood came and destroyed them all https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51094

  Saint Malo - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/11/15/saint-malo.html

SAINTS NOVEMBER 15    Bl. Hugh Faringdon, 1539 A.D. Benedictine abbot of Reading, once a friend of King Henry VIII. When he refused to allow the king to dissolve Reading Abbey, he was martyred with two companions.    St. Hugh Green, Blessed, 1642 A.D. Martyr of England. He was educated at Cambridge, converted to Catholicism, and went to Douai, France. There he was ordained in 1612. Returning to England, Hugh labored in Dorset until his arrest. He was hanged at Dorchester.   Bl. John Eynon, 1539 A.D. Martyred Benedictine of St. Giles, Reading. John served as the pastor of the local parish in St. Giles. He refused to surrender the parish to the authorities and was taken to Reading Abbey. He was executed at the abbey gateway with Blessed Hugh Farington and Blessed John Rugg. They were beatified in 1895.    Bl. John Rugg, 1539 A.D. Martyred monk of Chichester, England. In residence at Reading Abbey, he was martyred by King Henry VIII at Reading, with ...

  'What Do Nuns Do All Day?' Inside the Fascinating Life of a Catholic Benedictine Nun https://www.churchpop.com/what-do-nuns-do-all-day-inside-the-fascinating-life-of-a-catholic-benedictine-nun/

  English translation of Synod Final Document https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51085

  St Laurence O'Toole https://www.indcatholicnews.com/saint/325

  Gospel in Art: The kingdom of God is among you https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/51086

  SAINTS NOVEMBER 14 ST. SERAPION OF ALGIERS-Born in London in 1179, Serapion is said to have taken part in the third Crusade, under the leadership of Richard the Lion-hearted. He eventually joined the Mercedarian order, and dedicated himself to the redemption and conversion of slaves, whom he freed by the hundreds. He was martyred in 1240.  Nov 14 St. Dubricus, 545 A.D. One of the founders of monastic life in Wales also called Dubric, Dyfrig, or Devereux. He was born in Madley, Wales, and he founded monasteries at Henllan and Moccas. These served as motherhouses for other abbeys in Herefordshire, Gwent, and the Wye Valley. Dubricus also ruled Caldrey Island. He appointed St. Samson abbot and ordained him as a bishop. Dubricus spent the last years of his life at Ynys Enlli. He is believed to have been the arch-bishop of Caerleon. He died and was buried on the island of Bardsey.    St. Lawrence O'Toole, 1180 A.D. Augustinian archbishop of Dublin, Ireland. He was born ...